The PSAT isn’t just a practice test for the SAT-it’s your gateway to one of the most prestigious high school scholarships in the U.S.: the National Merit Scholarship Program. Every year, over 1.5 million juniors take the PSAT/NMSQT, but only about 16,000 become National Merit Semifinalists. And only half of those go on to win a scholarship. So what score do you actually need?
How the National Merit Program Works
The National Merit Scholarship Corporation (NMSC) uses your PSAT/NMSQT score to determine eligibility. This isn’t about your overall GPA or extracurriculars-it’s purely based on your Selection Index score, which is calculated from your three PSAT section scores: Evidence-Based Reading, Writing and Language, and Math.
Your Selection Index is the sum of your two section scores (Reading and Writing & Language) plus your Math score, all multiplied by two. For example, if you scored 35 in Reading, 34 in Writing & Language, and 36 in Math, your Selection Index would be (35 + 34) × 2 + 36 = 174. That’s the number that matters.
Each state has its own cutoff. There’s no single national score. The cutoffs vary because the number of high scorers and the size of the student population differ by state. In 2025, the cutoffs range from 209 in California and New Jersey to 219 in Massachusetts and Connecticut. In smaller states like Wyoming or Vermont, the cutoff might be as low as 203.
What’s the Minimum PSAT Score for National Merit?
There’s no universal number. But here’s what you need to know: for most students, you’re looking at a Selection Index of at least 205-215. The average cutoff across all states in 2024 was 211. In 2025, it’s expected to stay within that range.
Here’s a rough breakdown by state tier:
- High-competition states (CA, NY, NJ, MA, CT, IL, MD, VA): 215-222
- Moderate-competition states (TX, FL, OH, GA, NC): 208-214
- Lower-competition states (WY, VT, SD, ND, AK): 200-207
For context: a Selection Index of 210 typically means you scored around 700-720 on each section of the SAT. That’s in the top 1% nationally. You’re not just doing well-you’re doing better than 99% of your peers.
When Do You Find Out If You Qualify?
PSAT scores are released in December of your junior year. The National Merit Semifinalist list comes out in early September. That’s right-about nine months after you took the test. You won’t get an email or a text. Schools receive the list, and if you qualify, your guidance counselor will notify you.
If you’re named a Semifinalist, you’ll need to submit a full application by early October. That includes your high school transcript, an essay, a recommendation letter, and confirmation of your SAT or ACT scores. You must score at least the same as your PSAT Selection Index on the SAT to remain eligible.
What Happens After You Qualify?
Becoming a Semifinalist is impressive, but it’s not the end. Only about 8,000 students win a National Merit Scholarship each year. The rest become Finalists but don’t receive the scholarship. Why? Because the selection process doesn’t stop at the PSAT.
Here’s what matters after Semifinalist status:
- Your GPA must be consistently high-no drops in senior year.
- Your SAT or ACT score must match or exceed your PSAT Selection Index.
- Your essay must show clear writing ability and personal insight.
- Your recommendation letter must come from someone who knows your academic work well.
Many students assume the PSAT is enough. It’s not. You’re being evaluated as a complete student. One low grade in senior year can knock you out. One weak essay can cost you.
What If You Miss the Cutoff?
You’re not out of options. The National Merit program isn’t the only scholarship tied to the PSAT. There are also:
- Corporate-sponsored scholarships: Companies like Coca-Cola, Intel, and Target offer scholarships to students who score above a certain PSAT threshold-even if they don’t make Semifinalist.
- College-sponsored scholarships: Many universities, like the University of Texas and Purdue, offer automatic merit aid to students who score above 200 on the PSAT.
- State-specific programs: States like Florida and Georgia have their own merit programs based on PSAT scores.
Even if you score 195, you might still qualify for $5,000-$10,000 in scholarships from colleges. Don’t assume you’ve failed just because you didn’t hit the National Merit cutoff.
How to Raise Your PSAT Score
If you’re a sophomore and planning to take the PSAT next year, here’s what works:
- Take at least three full-length practice tests under timed conditions.
- Focus on your weakest section-most students gain the most points by improving Math.
- Use official College Board materials. Third-party practice tests often misrepresent the difficulty.
- Review every mistake. Don’t just note the right answer-understand why you got it wrong.
- Learn the PSAT’s patterns. The test repeats question types. Once you see them once, you’ll spot them again.
Students who improve by 10-15 points on their Selection Index typically study 30-45 minutes a day for 10-12 weeks. That’s less than an hour a week. You don’t need to cram. You need to be consistent.
Common Myths About the PSAT and National Merit
Let’s clear up a few misunderstandings:
- Myth: You need a perfect 1520 on the PSAT to qualify. Reality: The highest possible Selection Index is 228, but you don’t need it. Most winners scored between 210-218.
- Myth: Only students from private schools win. Reality: Public school students make up 85% of National Merit winners.
- Myth: The scholarship covers full tuition. Reality: Most awards are $2,500-one-time payments. Some colleges offer full rides, but that’s separate.
- Myth: You can take the PSAT twice and use your best score. Reality: Only your junior year score counts for National Merit.
Final Thoughts
The PSAT is not a practice test. It’s a scholarship opportunity. If you’re serious about college funding, treat it like a real exam. Don’t wait until senior year to realize you missed your chance.
Know your state’s cutoff. Aim for at least 210. And if you fall short? Don’t give up. There are still dozens of scholarships out there that use the same score. Your PSAT score opens doors-but only if you know how to use it.
What PSAT score do I need to qualify for National Merit?
There’s no single national score. You need a Selection Index that ranks you in the top 1% of your state. In 2025, that’s typically between 203 and 222, depending on where you live. High-competition states like California and Massachusetts require scores above 215, while lower-population states may require as low as 203.
Is the PSAT score the only thing that matters for National Merit?
No. Your PSAT score gets you into the running as a Semifinalist, but to win a scholarship, you must also submit a strong application: a high GPA, a compelling essay, a solid recommendation letter, and SAT or ACT scores that match your PSAT Selection Index. Your senior year performance still counts.
Can I take the PSAT more than once and use my best score?
No. Only your junior year PSAT/NMSQT score is eligible for National Merit consideration. Even if you scored higher as a sophomore, it doesn’t count. Plan your prep around your junior year test date.
What if I score just below the cutoff?
You can still qualify for other scholarships. Many colleges and corporations award merit aid to students who score above 200 on the PSAT-even if they don’t make National Merit Semifinalist. Check with your school counselor for local opportunities.
Do I need to take the SAT after the PSAT to keep my eligibility?
Yes. If you become a Semifinalist, you must submit SAT or ACT scores that match or exceed your PSAT Selection Index. If your SAT score is significantly lower, you’ll be disqualified. Don’t assume your PSAT score is enough-prepare for the SAT too.
Are National Merit Scholarships worth it?
The National Merit Scholarship itself is $2,500, which is modest. But being named a Semifinalist or Finalist can lead to full-ride scholarships from colleges that offer additional merit aid to National Merit students. Many schools automatically increase financial aid packages for these applicants. The real value is in the recognition and access to better funding opportunities.